Real-Time Animated Stippling

Stippling is an artistic rendering technique where shading and texture is given by placing points or stipples on the canvas until the desired darkness is achieved. Computergenerated stippling has focused on producing high quality 2D renditions for print media, while stippling of 3D models in animations has received little attention. After describing current advances in stippling for print media and real-time rendering, we present an approach to produce animations of 3D models using stippling as a rendering style. In our approach, we ensure frameto-frame coherence as the model moves and shading changes over time, by attaching stipple particles to the surface of the model. We present a point hierarchy, used to control the stipple density during rendering, and solutions for rendering animated and static models using conventional and vertex-programmable graphics hardware.